Abstract

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is one of the commonest reasons for dermatological consultation. Over the last few years our understanding of the pathophysiology of AGA has improved and this has paved way for better diagnostic and therapeutic options. Recent research has dwelled on the role of stem cells in the pathophysiology of AGA and has also identified newer genetic basis for the condition. Dermoscopy/trichoscopy has emerged as a useful diagnostic tool for AGA. While the major treatment options continue to be topical minoxidil, systemic Finasteride and hair transplantations, newer modalities are under investigation. Specific diagnostic and treatment recommendations have also been developed on evidence based principles. This article reviews the recent concepts in relation to AGA. With regards to the pathophysiology we have tried to stress on recent knowledge of the molecular and genetic basis of AGA. We have emphasized on an evidence based approach for treatment and diagnosis.

摘要
雄激素性秃发（AGA）是最常见的皮肤病之一。在过去的几年中，我们对AGA病理生理学的认知有所提高，这为更好的诊断和治疗方案奠定了基础。最近的一项研究详述了干细胞在AGA病理生理学中的作用，并且还确定了该病新的遗传基础。皮肤镜/毛发镜检已成为AGA有用的诊断工具。然而，其主要的治疗方案仍为外用米诺地尔，系统性使用非那雄胺以及毛发移植，而新的治疗方式正在研究中。具体的诊断和治疗建议在循证原则上也得到了发展。本文回顾了近期与AGA有关的理论。在病理生理学方面，着重强调有关AGA分子遗传机制的最新认知。同时，本文强调了基于证据的治疗与诊断方法。